Finding the Optimal Board Size for Your Nonprofit

When it comes to nonprofit boards, size matters. Too few members and responsibilities fall on just a handful of shoulders. Too many, and decision-making slows to a crawl. Like Goldilocks, organizations must find the number that’s “just right.”

So, what is the optimal board size for a nonprofit? The answer depends on your organization’s goals, structure, and stage of growth—but there are important pros and cons to weigh.

Jun 23, 2025

Factors That Influence Board Size

Before settling on a number, consider:

  • Complexity of your organization – Larger organizations may need more directors.
  • Growth stage – A new nonprofit may function well with fewer members, while a mature one benefits from more expertise.
  • Culture and history – Past practices and traditions often shape board expectations.
  • State laws – Some require a minimum number of directors.
  • Strategic needs – Mission, fundraising, and diversity goals all influence size.

Pros and Cons of Large Boards

Advantages:

  • More volunteers to share the workload
  • Greater diversity of perspectives
  • Expanded networks for fundraising and outreach
  • Specialized committees can be formed

Disadvantages:

  • Longer discussions and slower decisions
  • Scheduling challenges
  • Risk of disengagement from quieter members
  • Higher administrative and staffing costs

Pros and Cons of Small Boards

Advantages:

  • Shorter, more focused meetings
  • Easier scheduling
  • Faster decisions and greater flexibility
  • Stronger bonds and equal participation

Disadvantages:

  • Fewer people to share responsibilities
  • Risk of burnout for members
  • Limited diversity and fundraising reach

So, What’s “Just Right”?

Research can provide some guidance. A Bain & Company study found the most effective boards had seven members—with decision-making declining about 10% for every additional member beyond that. While every nonprofit is different, aiming for 7–9 directors is often a strong starting point.

Ultimately, the best board size is the one that ensures your directors have the right expertise to achieve the organization’s goals without overburdening volunteers or slowing progress. Whether your current board is large, small or just beginning there is no need to worry. Every organization is different and will have varying needs. As long as volunteers are passionate about the work they do and their organization’s mission, success could be on the horizon.